Background: Physical activity (PA) has been shown to improve fatigue and quality of life (QOL) in a range of cancer populations. Little research has been done in the advanced lung cancer setting. This RCT evaluated a 2-month PA intervention in patients with unresectable lung cancer.
Methods: Participants were stratified (disease stage, performance status 0-1 vs 2, centre) and randomised (1:1) to usual care (UC) (health booklet) or UC plus 2-month program of supervised weekly PA and behaviour change sessions and home-based PA. Assessments were completed at baseline, 2, 4 and 6 months. The primary endpoint was fatigue (FACT-F subscale) at 2-months. Secondary endpoints included: QOL, functional abilities, physical fitness, activity (accelerometers), mood, dyspnoea, survival and blood results. Intention-to-treat analysis using linear mixed models was done.
Results: 111 patients were randomised: male 55%, median age 62 (35-80); 95% NSCLC, 5% SCLC; 95% Stage IV. At baseline 77% were on active treatment. Baseline characteristics, including PA levels, were well balanced between groups. Attrition was 22, 36 and 50% at 2, 4 and 6 months respectively; no difference between groups. Adherence to intervention sessions: behavioural 75%, PA 69%. By accelerometers the intervention group increased PA by 33-39mins/week at 2,4 and 6 months (p<0.03); control group had a non-significant decrease of 11-27mins/week (difference between groups p<0.001). The intervention did not reach target increase of 3-MET hours/week. Self-reported PA levels were over-reported compared to accelerometers. On self-report the only significant difference in PA levels between groups was at 4 months (p=0.015). There were no significant differences in fatigue, QOL, symptoms, mood, distress, sleep, dyspnoea, activities of daily living or biological correlates between the groups at 2, 4 or 6 months. Median survival (months): PA 14 vs UC 13.8 (p= 0.61).
Conclusion:
The intervention increased moderate-intensity exercise but did not achieve target levels of PA. No difference was seen in fatigue, QOL, symptom control or functional status.