Background
Malnutrition in oncology patients is associated with reduced quality of life, increased treatment related side effects and adverse reactions, reduced tumour response and reduced survival1 2 . Timely identification of malnutrition and nutritional intervention is crucial to improve patient outcomes3 . Presently, routine screening for malnutrition is not undertaken at Liverpool Cancer Therapy Centre.
Aims
The primary aim was to determine the prevalence of malnutrition in patients receiving outpatient chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. The secondary aim was to establish whether current referral practices are adequately identifying those malnourished patients.
Method
Fifty-three consenting patients (29 females) were included in this prospective one-day study. Nutritional status was assessed using a validated nutrition assessment tool, the scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG- SGA)4 .
Results
The mean age was 60.8 years (± 13.6 years) and the sample was reflective of the tumour group distribution of the centre. Twenty-six percent of patients were malnourished (PG-SGA=B or C) which included a high number of patients with head and neck, upper gastrointestinal tract and lung cancers. Malnutrition was significantly associated with male gender (OR 4.5, 95% CI 1.2-16.9, p= 0.02) and stage IV disease (OR 11, 95% CI 2.1-57.7, p= 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in nutritional status by age or current treatment. Fifteen precent of patients were receiving dietetic intervention however half of the malnourished patients were not known to dietetic services. The results are similar to those of other oncology specific outpatient malnutrition prevalence studies5 6 .
Conclusions
The results confirm the high prevalence of malnutrition by PG-SGA assessment in patients receiving outpatient anti-cancer treatment at the Liverpool Cancer Therapy Centre and the relatively low level of referral for dietetic intervention. Implementation of routine malnutrition screening could be used to trigger dietetic referral, potentially improving patient nutritional level, enhancing overall treatment tolerance and quality of life.